Dialogue Activities for ESL Students

Dialogue Activities for ESL Students Practicing dialogues is a great way for English students to test their skills and develop a better grasp of the language. Dialogues are useful for a number of reasons: Dialogues provide models on which students can base their own conversations.Dialogues force students to focus on language production in a way that helps them practice correct usage.Student-created dialogues can be used to encourage creativity.Dialogues can be used as a basis for listening to comprehension exercises. Using dialogues  to help students develop their  conversation skills  is a  common practice in most English classes. There are a number of different ways to go about incorporating dialogues into classroom activities. The suggestions below encourage students to role-play and practice new tenses, structures, and language functions. Once students become familiar with these new language elements, they can then use the dialogues as models to practice writing and speaking on their own. Vocabulary Exercises Using dialogues can  help students become familiar with standard formulas used to discuss different topics. This is especially helpful when practicing new idioms and expressions. While these expressions might be easy to understand on their own, introducing them through dialogues can help students immediately put the new vocabulary into practice. Divide students into pairs and give each pair a topic to talk about. Challenge each student to incorporate a few given idioms or expressions into their dialogue before time runs out. Gap Fill Exercises Dialogues are perfect for gap fill exercises. For example, take a sample dialogue and delete keywords and phrases from the text. Choose a pair of students to read the dialogue to the rest of the class, then ask the other students to fill in the missing words and phrases. You can also have students create their own sample dialogues and quiz each other to see how well they can fill in the blanks. Dialogues for Role-Playing and Acting Having students  write dialogues for short scenes or soap operas helps them focus on correct expressions, analyze language, and develop their writing skills. Once students have completed their scripts, have them act out their scenes and skits for the rest of the class. Dialogue Dictations Have students write sample dialogues for popular TV shows such as The Simpsons or The Office. Alternatively, write a script together as a class, and have each student be responsible for a particular character. This exercise gives students time to  pay attention to details as the plot moves forward. Memorizing Dialogues Have students memorize simple dialogues as a way to help them improve their vocabulary skills. While old-fashioned, this type of rote work can help students build good habits as their English skills improve. Open-Ended Dialogues Create sample dialogues that show the words of only one speaker, then have students complete the dialogues using a list of responses youve provided. Another variation is to provide only the beginning or end of a sentence for each speaker. Completing this type of open-ended dialogue can provide a bigger challenge for upper-level English learners. Recreating Scenes Have students re-create their favorite scenes from different movies. Ask a group of volunteers to act out a scene in front of the class, then compare their version to the original.

Psychology Papers

Psychology Papers Psychology Papers Psychology Papers: How to Make Them Good? There may be different kinds of psychology papers that you may be provided with if you study psychology. But whether you have to write an essay or a research paper or some other assignment paper in psychology, you should take into account the following points:Any of psychology papers should contain the deep analysis of the issue it is written on; It is should be written clearly and have the logical structure; A psychology paper should be free of any mistakes as any other assignment paper. In what way can you meet these requirements? On making this question clear you will master the art of writing of psychology papers. Writing psychology papers: constituent parts of the processIt goes without saying that your writing should begin with the thorough study of your paper topic. Papers psychology suggests the deep analysis of phenomena of the human life. So, if you have to discuss, for example, alcoholism or panic disorder in your pap er, you should study the reasons of the phenomenon in question, its influence on the human life and activity, its presentation and consequences. That is why to make strong research you should find as much informational materials on the topic as possible. You may make use of different books on psychology, articles or other papers. When studying necessary informational sources it is necessary for you to make notes. Write down some information (statistical data, quotations) that you may use in your psychology paper. Making a thesis statement is peculiar to psychology papers as well. Moreover, a thesis statement will play an important role in your writing. In what way? It will be much easier for you to write and for reader to read. Firstly, a paper thesis statement puts your research into certain frameworks. Thus, you have no need to switch from one aspect to another and may concentrate your attention on a certain point. Secondly, a thesis statement is presented at the beg inning of your paper. Thus, your audience may find out what your paper is focused on. How to put all the ideas together in the logical order? This is an important question in writing of any assignment papers and in particular psychology papers. The success of a paper depends on its structure considerably. To make your paper well-structured, first of all, you should make an outline. State the points you are going to discuss in your paper. do not forget that it should conta

The Pro & Cons of Affirmative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Pro & Cons of Affirmative Action - Essay Example imizing diversity in the society, it is easier for organizations and firms to serve a wide range of customers and consumers to achieve instantaneous success, just like Startbucks etc. Similarly, it also helps the society to redress the disadvantage of discrimination by having a quota of diversified workforces in firms. This will move the society towards anti-discriminatory policies and will make sure that equal opportunities prevail in the society for all communities, races and gender. The disadvantages of affirmative actions are that it leads to quota system which is against the norms of efficiency and performance oriented selection. This will discourage people to work hard as they will know that quota system will take lead over their performance. Another disadvantage of quota system is that people will have to learn how to manage diversified workforce. This will involve managerial training and it will add up additional expenses for the firms who are struggling really hard to fight the ongoing

Lens Crafters Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Lens Crafters Case Study - Essay Example The value chain focuses on streamlining both the internal and external factors of the organization and improving on their human resource and product creation. Operation management activities are focused on ensuring an organization addresses specific issues affecting the organization by analyzing the effectiveness of each process undertaken by the organization (Tarun, 2012). Customer experience is improved by how effectively an organization handles both its external and internal operations. In creating an efficient operation administration scheme, one major impediment is creating an evenhanded system monitoring every operation. This could be solved by designing priorities in the operation within the association as Leitner & Sihn (2012) argue. An additional test is how effectual the changes in operation would manipulate customer awareness on an organization. This could be solved by enacting customer research approaches that would allow an organization understand the customer trends in terms of demand and opportunities. Lens Crafters value chain is effective in ensuring that the organization retains a significant competitive advantage in the market. The quality of the value chain has ensured Lens Crafters enjoy a comfortable market position in terms of customer satisfaction. The value chain mostly focuses on putting in place the right human resource team and creating customer satisfaction products. The value chain in Lens Crafters has enabled the organization to monitor and improve on its major operations. The most significant performance measurement strategy on the service delivery design would be consumer reaction and perception of the organization. This could be determined by analyzing the sales or consumer feedback on service delivery. Evaluation of sales and consumer feedback are most appropriate in gauging a service delivery design. The selection of sales numbers is based on the fact that sales depict the accurate consumer perception on a

Canterbury tale and medieval art Essay Example for Free

Canterbury tale and medieval art Essay Tale and Art in middle Ages The Middle Ages have been regarded as extending approximately from the end of fifth century AD to 1600s. The Middle Ages were a society significantly more civilized and developed than previous times. Some sections of Italian society had begun to mimic the art and philosophy of ancient Greece, but commonly in Italy and Europe, generally no all-pervading change had occurred. The Canterbury Tale is a story written by Geoffrey Chauser in Middle English. It is the story of a group of thirty people who are all from different occupation. They told each other stories to kill time when traveling to Canterbury. In the Canterbury Tale, an illustration of the Medieval Christian church is presented. When talking about the church, it cant be considered separately. The church has to always be related to social, economic and political context of that period because people in that society gather in groups, make religious and church. Moreover those people create these tales of a pilgrimage of Canterbury. One of the stories in the Canterbury Tale, The Pardoners Tale, is the story of churchs corruption. The story was made to parody the Western Schism, churchs greed. At the time when the tale was written, the church was corrupted by spread of the unrestricted sale of indulgences by pardoners. Popes sold the indulgences, which were suppose to forgive peoples sins. The Pardoner, the main character in the Pardoners Tale preaches to villagers about sin and collects money. When telling the story, the Pardoner gives an example f three rioters who commit sins and show what happened because of them committing sins. He uses this story to emphasize morals to the audience, however, it is ironic that even if the Pardoner is kind of a bishop who gives sermons to the villagers, he is as corrupted as the rioters. His purpose is to gather money from the villagers, not to correct the sins. Chaucer used a certain character like Pardoner in the Pardoners Tale, to represent one of the many popes who were ruined by greed. I chose this art piece depicting Chaucers Pardoners tale. It is a carved wooden anel made of Elmwood with scenes from the story. It is describing the part when the three rioters found gold. They planned how to divide it but their greed to get it all themselves caused their downfall. The left-hand panel shows a man buying wine and putting poison in it to kill the other rioters, so that he could take all the gold. In the central panel, the other two attack the man who comes with the wine, and stab him to death. In the right hand panel the murderous pair sit down and drink the poisoned wine. Eventually, their greed leads all of them to their death. This art work describes the story so precisely that people who lived in that era, who were illiterate, could have been able to understood what Chaucer wanted to say, and fgure out what was wrong about church by looking at the art works. After they get aware of the churchs corruption and popes they were into, by learning through the story from the artworks, people might have tried to find solution for the corrupted situation. In this way, it can be said that artwork might have succeed in giving people in that period, a new perspective tor what they were believing at.

Essay examples --

The truth about Wicca Wicca, commonly known as the â€Å"Craft† or â€Å"Old Ways† is an expression used to describe various traditions of contemporary Paganism, an earth-centered religion that shows a substantial amount of respect for nature; celebrating the changes in the season and lunar cycles (Mankiller, Wicca); As stated by Morrison Wicca celebrates, â€Å"the beauty of the moon, the stars, and the sun (5)†; and the worshipping of the deities (Morrison, 2001). Those who follow the path of Wicca are usually referred to as â€Å"Witches† or â€Å"Wiccans† derived from the Anglo-Saxon term wicce, which can be translated as â€Å"Sorceress† or â€Å"Wise One† (Morrison, 2001), they are nothing like the witches seen in modern media (Mankiller, Wicca). Throughout History Wicca has been depicted as a Satanist related religion, leading to mass persecution of those who adhere to its principles (as seen in the Salem Witch Trials); few truly fathom the Wiccan f aith. The real truth about Wicca is that, it is a religion centered on the theology of the deities in form of the Patron Goddess and God, it is a matriarchal religion, with varying traditions and religious branches, that doesn’t believe in predestination, and has basic tenets that must be followed. Wicca, like many fellow Pagan traditions, focuses on the beliefs of the deities that all share a different, yet common purpose in the universe-to keep balance and harmony in the world. Wicca, unlike other religions, categorizes the divine; honoring the Goddess in form of the Triple Goddess of sometimes referred to as the Patron Goddess, whose aspects are the Maiden, Mother, Crone; representing the three phases of the moon: Waxing, Waning, Full Moon, and Dark Moon (Morrison, 2001). In form of the Maiden, as stated by M... ...f empowerment; making the religion commonly depicted as a Matriarchal religion. Those of the Wiccan faith, also choose not to believe in predestinations because they see everyone as having control their own lives, and destiny’s, depending upon their actions. The most crucial point to the Wiccan faith is the basic, principles that must be followed; which includes the threefold law that states anything they do whether- good or bad- will come back to you times three; then there is the Wiccan Rede that is the outline of the Wiccan faith; to practice Wicca as you will, but to harm none in the process. Wicca has had a long history of being seen as an evil and unkindly religion; hopefully, it can now be recognized by the public that Wicca is actually a peaceful and natured centered religion that neither contains Devil worshipers nor blasphemes against the Christian faith.

How Far Were the Mistakes of Others Responsible for Mussolini Becoming Prime Minister in October 1922

Firstly, Italy’s government was deteriorating and so it was evident that communist Italy was a failure. Mussolini had led the Italian population to believe that he and his fascist party were their only hope into putting an end to the chaos in Rome, and re-establish order and bring about the once great Italy, just as Caesar had in the time of the great Romans. This was appealing to the Italian people, as the city or Rome seemed to have fallen into ruins, taking advantage of this, Mussolini had conveyed himself as their saviour.Fascist ideology stressed the importance of the heroic leader and strong government. This was in contrast to the weaknesses of Liberal Italy, characterised by the failure to provide strong and stable government and so Italian people found it easier to give praise to a person rather than a concept, and Fascism seemed to embody elements of both left and right wing policies. He used powerful slogans such as â€Å"Mussolini is always right, believe, obey, fi ght. † Secondly, propaganda played a huge part in the success of Mussolini.Mussolini would â€Å"re-write† history by including himself in historic moments or ‘erasing’ someone else as it suited him. There would constantly be a movie displaying how heroic he was, Mussolini was practically everywhere, from movies to propaganda posters, wherever he was shown he always made sure he looked his best. Thirdly, it may be argued that the Catholic church helped Mussolini secure the position of prime minister, the Catholic Church was in danger of losing all of its land in Rome, its claim to Vatican City was disputed.Mussolini offered the church a deal, he would recognize the Church's right to independence and their ownership of the entire Vatican City; give the church reparations within limits for land taken during the unification of Italy; and he would protect the church's position as the state religion of Italy. In return, the Vatican agreed to recognize Italy as a separate nation and Mussolini as the leader of Italy. This was known as the Lateran Treaty.This showed the Italian people that Mussolini was working with the church; this just reinforced the good image Mussolini already had. Finally, the king was also a contributing factor for Mussolini becoming Prime minister in 1922. Firstly the king refused to stop any strikes (in which there were many), in fear of civil war. Another mistake on the kings behalf, who refused to implement facta’s plan to ensure Rome’s safety/defend Rome from Fascist violence.

Women Organizers in the Civil Rights Movement

Women organizers in the Civil Rights movement (1950's-1960's) Women have always been regarded as key parental figure in raising and developing children in the society. During the period of 1950 to 1970, many parts of the world were marred with civil rights movement. The movements were characterized with protests and civil resistance complaining about discrimination economic and political self sufficiency. Women took up the initiative to participate in these movements. This situation later led to serious confrontation between government authorities and activists.Thousands of people took part in the civil right movement of that period especially in the United States. The key leaders of the campaign, include; Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, Rosa Parks, James Meredith and Medgar Evers, played crucial roles for of the achievements of the Civil Rights Movement in America[1]. This paper covers factors that motivated women, the contributions they had, roles they played as well as the problems they encountered during the civil rights movement of 1950’s and 1960’s.Most of the women who were involved in these movements were born during the slavery period, hence the pain and suffering they experienced at that time stimulated them to speak out against oppression. One of the most vocal women who started to speak against oppression was Wells Barnett. She began her struggle in 1909, by travelling abroad to seek international attention on this issue[2]. She also formed National association for the advanced of Colored people. Her efforts were later joined by the struggle for gender sensitization by Mary Church Terrell. She was very vocal and spoke about segregation of the blacks in public eating joints.She led most of the citizens to boycotts and picketing to attract attention to racial injustice[3]. She established the black club movement that led to the formation of National Association of Colored Women similar to that of Barnett. She was also very instrumental in bringing up socially progressive institutions such as mother clubs and nursery schools. The three year struggles with authorities bow her fruits when the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public eating places was unconstitutional[4]. Another very instrumental lady in these movements was Mary McLeod.She often worked together with both Terrell and Barnett. Mary became the president of National Association of Colored Women[5]. Being at the supreme of the organization, she became a good friend of Sara Roosevelt the mother of Franklin Roosevelt mayor of New York. She used the good rapport she had with this politically influential family to continue her struggle for social justice of the black[6]. She was later appointed to be the head of National Youth Council by President Roosevelt. Eleanor Roosevelt took the same path after being inspired by Terrell and Mary McLeod.After her husband was elected as the 32nd president Eleanor became instrumental in fighting inj ustice by calling for international and national attention to the effects of oppression and racial discrimination. She took a bold step and resigned from the Daughter of American Revolution since they had differed in ideologies. Ella baker was another activist who dedicated her time to speak out against oppression. She was regarded as the leader behind the scenes. She struggled to study due to the fact that her family was not well of. She graduated and became a teacher.She relocated to New York and quit her profession to engage in social change. She got involved with NAACP in the grassroots level in recruiting more people to the organization. She also was instrumental in the formation of other small organizations such as Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. These movements later were used by Martin Luther King Jr. to organize his boycott and nonviolent movement. The wave of women participation in the civil movement was unstoppable. Rosa Park, who was famously regarded as the mother of the civil rights movement, was also contributed in this struggle.She is believed to have started the main struggle of these civil rights movement. She experienced difficulty in completing her education due to the strict regulations for the black children. The black children were meant to study for only five moths in a year and the rest of the year they spent time in the cotton fields as laborers. Rosa graduated from high school after she got married to Raymond parks[7]. This sparked her efforts to fight racial injustice. She joined National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Montgomery chapter as the only woman. She was very instrumental member of this organization and was elected secretary.Her active involvement in National Association of Advanced Colored People led to her arrest on 1955[8]. Rosa’s life as an African American continued to face challenges. The mistreatment she received from the whites while she was in a bus made her to launch a huge boycott of using Montgomery buses by the Afro-Americans. She decided to organize this boycott after she got arrested for refusing to give out her seat to a white passenger in the bus. The boycott lasted for 381 days prompting her to be absorbed by the Montgomery Improvement Association which was formed by Martin Luther King Jr[9].This act of boycott was followed by a series of escalating protest, movements and insurgencies by African Americans. During the time for boycott Rosa coordinated for the blacks to get rides from car pool ups and other whites who offered to help. The used the slogan ‘don’t use the bus today. Don’t use it for freedom. ’ The boycotters together with Mrs. Rosa Park took the case to court disputing the segregation in buses[10]. They later worn the case after the court ruled on their favor. After the successful boycott Rosa and her families were not secure in Montgomery. They relocated to Detro it where she worked for congressman John Conyers.She continued to raise her voice and incited the youth to take up the struggle for African American Social and American progress. After the women political council had initiated the boycott in Montgomery, Martin Luther king came to the limelight taking all the credit as the leader for the nonviolent resistance. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X traversed different sections of the country giving powerful speeches and mobilizing nonviolent movements. Sparks of none violent movements were seen in other parts of the country[11]. These nonviolent movements escalated to violent racial rebellion in major cities in the U. S. s the movement went militant it provoked the whites against pro-black policies and the police. The success of events of this decade was at the peak when the Supreme Court decides the case of brown v board of education ruling in favor of brown. The court declared that segregation of schools unconstitutional. In the 1960 ’s many women rights group were established to continue the fight against racial injustice and oppression. This was the decade that saw progressive women rights movement in the United States and world Wide. Most of these groups comprised of female students who advocated for equal employment opportunity for both men and women.They also lobbied for enforcement of equal rights laws. Later that decade national organization for women was formed to replace women commission and it continued with the fight against sexual discrimination. The commission was disbanded due to lack of funds. The women equity action league founded in 1968, sought to investigate inequalities in faculty pay and promotions of both men and women in education workforce. These remarkable women played an important role in inspiring other activists and grassroots leaders who in turn mobilized more and more people to join the struggle.These women also helped millions of women to gain their fundamental rights as wom en. They were mostly motivated by the mass followers they had. Motivation also came from the cases they had in courts which ended up favoring the blacks and declaring most of the segregation unconstitutional. They drew their inspiration from civil rights movement they had organized. The organizations they were involved with had a lot of confidence in them hence they elected these women to high posts which favored their situation and gave them an upper hand in organizing the struggle[12].To overcome the problems they encountered they formed organizations such as national Organization for women. National Organization of Women key mandate was to enlighten the women to fully participate in mainstreaming of American society. These organizations brought them together in unity and increased their awareness on critical issues that affect them. This enabled them to have a strong voice over the oppression and neglect they were facing and forced the federal government to enforce the law. The i deologies fomented by certain black power movement were destructive and fostered cultural conflict.This posed a challenge to the efforts of the women who organized movements before. The other major challenge that affected these courageous women is the fact that most of the influential leaders, who had followed suit to lead mass movement, ended up being arrested or assassinated[13]. A good example is the cases of Malcolm x and Martin Luther King. The women’s morale was undermined by these acts. The supremacy of the white also undermined their efforts in the sense that they seemed to bend the law on their favor and oppressed the blacks in all sectors.The civil war escalated by the Ku Klux Klan and the lynch mob in the south were meant to threaten the activists from pursuing further with their quest[14]. The vocal contribution of Martin Luther King Jr. was faced with bomb attacks to his church and residence. The mass movements in America were a vital process to transform America to its current state. The vibrant voices of these women led to signing of the civil rights act to law. The law protects all minorities and women from discrimination in voting employment and use of public areas. They were also rendered freedom of choice.This was viewed as victory for both blacks and women. The revival of the African American militancy was an exceptional progress to the realization of democratic ideals[15]. The shared commitment to take the risk and highlight injustice and press the course for change resulted to the change in attitude of many American citizens. They tore down the oppressive racial and segregation system that had dominated the country for a long time thus bringing a remarkable transformation of American life. Bibliography Bermanzohn, Sally Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011). Gates, Henry Louis Jr. Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 5 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. Naylor Gloria. Critical Perspectives Past and Present. New York: Amistad, (1993). ———————– [1] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. [2] Darlene, Hine Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomingt on: Indiana University, (1994). [3] Naylor Gloria. Critical Perspectives Past and Present. New York: Amistad, (1993). [4] Henry Louis, Gates Jr.Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). [5] Darlene, Hine Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [6] Sally Bermanzohn, Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. † New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011). [7] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. 8] Bermanzohn, Sally Avery. â€Å"Violence, Nonviolence, and the Civil Rights Movement. † New Political Science 22, no. 1 (March 2000): 31-48. Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost (accessed April 15, 2011 ). [9] Gates, Henry Louis Jr. Bearing witness: selections from African-American autobiography in the twentieth century. New York: Pantheon Books, (1991). [10] Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [11] Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 15 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. ttp://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. [12] Jost, Kenneth. â€Å"School Desegregation. † CQ Researcher 14, no. 15 (April 23, 2004): 345-72. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2004042300. [13] Hine, Darlene Clark. Hine sight: black women and the re-construction of of American history. Bloomington: Indiana University, (1994). [14] Greenblatt, Alan. â€Å"Race in America. † CQ Researcher 13, no. 25 (July 11, 2003): 593-624. http://library. cqpress. com/cqresearcher/cqresrre2003071100. [15] Gloria Naylor. Critical Perspectives Past and Present . New York: Amistad, (1993).

Building Your Email List Part 2 How to Keep Your Readers Engaged

Building Your Email List Part 2 How to Keep Your Readers Engaged Last week I gave you tips for setting up your email list, whether starting from scratch or dusting off an old one. This week we’ll talk more about what to do with that list and how to create content that will keep your readers engaged. First, if you didn’t do it last week, sign up with an email management system (EMS). (I have used   MailChimp, Constant Contact and MyEmma and recommend all three.   Hope Clark uses Aweber.) Besides managing the data, they help you comply with privacy laws Next, you need to decide, and share with your list, how often you’ll be communicating. The two big factors in determining frequency are your audience and your ability to create material. A fiction author may want to have once-a-month check-ins, while a non-fiction author may easily fill a weekly newsletter. For more frequent schedules, offer your audience the option of a â€Å"Digest Version† - once a week for daily emails, once a month for weekly. You’d much rather send them less than have them unsubscribe entirely. Exceptions to the schedule: If you have something big and exciting to share and it’s out of cycle, that’s fine, as long as these random mailings don’t become the norm. If it’s timely, send a special email. If it’s going to be just as cool when it’s time for your next email, hold on to it. probably read it. A short, hyperlinked list of blogs you’ve written recently with a summary no longer than a tweet (140 characters) is okay to draw attention to anything they may have missed. Draft your newsletter in whatever word processor you chose, then copy and paste the text into your Email Management System. Once you’ve found a layout template you like, stick to it. It’ll make formatting future emails much faster, and readers like a familiar feel. Also, try to avoid writing/formatting and sending all in one day. You’re much more likely to catch mistakes if you let the material sit for a day or two between draft and distribution. Things to consider while writing and formatting: Write a greeting and ending (it is a newsLETTER, after all.) Keep blocks of text short and to the point. Lists (bulleted or numbered) make scanning easier. Make use of formatting (bold, italics, underlining) only as appropriate. Use proper grammar/spelling/etc. and have at least one proofreader. This may seem hard for the first couple of weeks or months, but eventually you develop a rhythm. When you provide engaging content on a regular basis, your fans sh

Top 10 Confused Words in English [G-H]

Top 10 Confused Words in English [G-H] Top 10 Confused Words in English [G-H] Top 10 Confused Words in English [G-H] By Maeve Maddox Narrowing the list to ten is difficult, but here are ten words beginning with the letters G and H that are frequently mixed up in speaking and/or writing. 1. gambit / gamut Perhaps it’s the first syllable that leads to confusion between these two nouns. In the game of chess, a gambit is an opening move in which a player offers a sacrifice, usually of a pawn, in order to gain an advantage. By extension, a gambit is a ploy intended to gain an advantage, especially at the beginning of a contest or negotiation. As a musical term, a gamut is the full range of notes that a voice or instrument can produce. Figuratively, a gamut is the full range or scope of something. Ex. His handyman skills run the gamut from carpentry to plumbing. 2. genial / congenial Both of these adjectives derive from the same source. Used to describe a person, genial means cheerful, kindly, affable. Applied to a thing, like weather, genial means mild or pleasant. In reference to people, congenial connotes a character agreeable to one’s taste or liking. For example, a congenial friend has similar likes and dislikes. A congenial host anticipates the needs and likes of guests. Applied to things, congenial means suited to one’s temperament. For example, a congenial job for a bookish person might be one involving research. 3. gibe / jibe Both words are pronounced the same, and both can be used as either a noun or a verb. As a noun, a gibe is an insult or sneering comment. As a verb, to gibe is â€Å"to taunt or insult.† Both the OED and Merriam-Webster recognize jibe as a variant spelling of gibe, when used in the context of insulting. However, because jibe also means â€Å"to agree,† many writers to use the spelling jibe only in the context of agreement: When the witnesses were interviewed separately, their stories jibed. When the accountant went over the books, he found that the figures did not jibe with the previous report. 4. give / gift Conservative speakers (like me) shudder to hear both these words used as verbs. Give is a verb. Friends give gifts to one another. Alumni give donations to colleges. For most modern speakers, gift is a noun, something given, a possession transferred to another without the expectation of an equivalent. The use of gift as a verb is not new in English. The OED shows citations dated from 1500 to the 1880s. However, this usage dropped out of general use so long ago that its revival strikes modern ears as barbarous and pompous. I suppose a huge donation to a university might warrant a bit of pomposity: â€Å"The corporation gifted the university with a million dollars.† For ordinary purposes, however, it’s still more idiomatic to give presents and not â€Å"gift† people with them. 5. grisly / grizzly The adjective grisly refers to something that inspires great horror. The word is thought to derive from a verb meaning â€Å"to shudder with horror,† or â€Å"to be filled with dread.† The adjective grizzly comes from a word meaning â€Å"gray or grayish.† A beard could be described as grizzly, but in current speech, the participle grizzled is more common in the context of things that are gray. Although grizzly bears range in color from very light tan (almost white) to dark  brown, they apparently acquired their name from explorers who saw grayish specimens. One English explorer described the huge bear that he encountered as â€Å"neither white nor black, but silver-haired like our English rabbit.† Another wrote that he’d seen â€Å"the skin of an enormous grizzled bear.† A grizzly bear rushing toward an unwary camper would be a grisly sight. 6. hanged / hung When  hang  means, â€Å"to execute by suspending a person by the neck,† the preferred forms are  hang, hanged,  (has) hanged. For example: â€Å"The murderer was sentenced to be hanged by the neck until dead.† When hang refers to suspending an inanimate object or a person without intent to execute, the forms are hang,  hung,  (has) hung. For example: â€Å"The housekeeper hung the laundry in the garden.† 7. historic / historical The prevailing meaning of historic in modern English is â€Å"having or likely to have great historical importance or fame. For example, â€Å"The historic voyage of H.M.S. Beagle commenced on the morning of 27 December 1831.† Historical means, â€Å"concerned with past events.† It is also used to contrast events that actually happened with fiction or legend: â€Å"Although fictionalized, the novel is based on well researched historical events.† 8. hoard / horde The word hoard is used as both noun and verb. As a noun, a hoard is an accumulation of something valuable to the hoarder. As a verb, to hoard is â€Å"to put away something of value for preservation or future use.† The verb usually has a negative connotation, implying that the person doing the hoarding is being selfish (in the context of scarcity) or has a disorder (in the context of an inability to part with unneeded possessions). The noun horde originally referred to a tribe of Asiatic nomads. Now it can also mean a large gathering of people or animals. The word usually bears a connotation of ferocity: The child fled from a horde of angry geese. 9. home / hone The confusion associated with these words occurs when home is used as a phrasal verb with the particle in. To home in is â€Å"to come closer and closer to a destination.† A fighter pilot homes in on a target. A detective homes in on a suspect. To hone is â€Å"to sharpen.† One hones a blade to a sharp edge. I’ve read defenses of â€Å"hone in† as the equivalent of â€Å"home in,† but careful writers distinguish between the two. 10. hurdle / hurtle As a noun, a hurdle is an obstacle. As a verb, to hurdle is â€Å"to jump over an obstacle.† It is often used figuratively: Kornblut describes the roadblocks all female  candidates must hurdle as â€Å"hair, hemlines and husbands.† Hurtle is a verb. The usual sense in modern English is â€Å"to rush violently.† For example, â€Å"The runaway wagon hurtled toward us.† Related Posts: Top 10 Confused Words in English [A-B] Top 10 Confused Words in English [C-D] Top 10 Confused Words in English [E-F] Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageEmail EtiquetteUlterior and Alterior

Construction Management - Finance and Risk Management Essay

Construction Management - Finance and Risk Management - Essay Example re than eight merchant vessel which includes more than 1000 tons of displacement out of which four comprised of the Cargo ships and two included oil tankers, one was the combination of both oil ship and ore and one included refrigerated cargo. The construction and the development of the marine projects in Turkmenistan are mainly dependent on the policies and regulations of the government of Turkmenistan. The marine construction project in Turkmenistan have developed due to the participation and cooperation from the foreign countries which includes the firms of Turkish, French and Ukrainian for developing and constructing the marine based projects. The projects are undertaken by us with the assistance and the support of other industries which includes the implementation on marine construction projects that mainly comprises of designing and construction. The main mission of our marine construction industry is that it safeguards the environment and the employers consider the employees a s the asset of the industry and it shares rich values among its employees. The directors and the executives of our industry mainly focus on the strategic planning that includes the corporate planning application of the concepts of financial management and adoption of risk management. The risk management or the risk assessment process in the marine construction industry includes the identification of the occupational risk of health that is associated with the conduct of operation and also improvement or development of various health programmes for reduction or minimization of risk related to the exposure of the employees of the marine construction industry. The industry establishes or formulates standard terms, rules and regulations that are relevant to the transactions for safeguarding and protecting the company against the risk and liabilities. The industry maintains an integrity in case of its financial reporting and the formulation of the internal control system and the main

FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCE ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

FUNDAMENTALS OF FINANCE ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example If we analyze the trend of rate of return of bonds in table 1 we get to know that fluctuation is higher than cash but on the other hand much better return is being generated as compared to cash. Average rate of return is more than double of that of cash but again standard deviation is high representing high rate of risk. Many people know about the property investments. Property investment is usually in shape of build home or any other type of building; that appreciate or devalue in value and provides a normal profits known as â€Å"rent†.Normally property investment generates a satisfactory returns as compared to cash and bonds but has more risk .According to data in Table1 the rate of reurns from year 1992 to 2006 is getting appreciated and overall average expected rate of return better than cash or bonds but inevitably results in greater risk or standard deviation. A share is companied issued legal document, which has some value in the market. Company’s Ownership can be in the shape of trade investment. Subsidiary or associate. It specifies the right of share holding pr voting power and also determines the amount of dividend to be received. Usually return from share is in the shape of dividends given by the companies. The possibility that Investor will lose money when they invest in a company that has debt, if the companys cash flow proves inadequate to meet its financial obligations.In other words risk of getting loss instead of profit is financial risk. The rate of return depends upon the risk associated with that investment. The greater the risk, the larger the return that is they are directly proportional to each other. This is one of the most fundamental relations in finance. The rate of return is what you earn on an investment, stated in percentage terms.If we analyze portfolio Kappa and Omega we can see that average expected rate of return are 7% and 8% approximately where as there risk or standard deviation is 4%