Intuniv for ADHD Side Effects and Dosage

Intuniv for ADHD Side Effects and Dosage ADHD Treatment Print How the Non-Stimulant Treatment Intuniv Can Help Children With ADHD By Vincent Iannelli, MD facebook Vincent Iannelli, MD, is a board-certified pediatrician and fellow of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Dr. Iannelli has cared for children for more than 20 years. Learn about our editorial policy Vincent Iannelli, MD Updated on February 04, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Hinterhaus Productions / Getty Images Intuniv is a non-stimulant treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  (ADHD). It is a long-acting form of guanfacine, which had previously been used to treat high blood pressure. It was approved by the FDA in September 2009.??  It was initially approved as a once-a-day treatment for children and adolescents who are 6 to 17 years old and have ADHD. In 2011, Intuniv received the new indication for use as adjunctive therapy for ADHD?? , meaning that it could be used with a stimulant ADHD medicine, like Concerta, Focalin, Adderall XR, or Vyvanse, etc. Intuniv for ADHD Other things to know about Intuniv include that: Guanfacine had already used off-label to treat children with ADHD who also have tics, sleep problems, or aggression.Intuniv is a pill, but unlike some other ADHD medications, it can not be crushed, chewed, or broken and must be swallowed whole.??Like Strattera and Kapvay, other non-stimulants for ADHD, Intuniv is not a controlled substance, which can make getting refills easier for parents.Intuniv is available in four dosage strengths: 1 milligram,  2 milligrams, 3 milligrams, and 4 milligrams.??Most children will start Intuniv at the 1-milligram dosage and then increase by 1  milligram each week until they get to a target dose of 3 milligrams or 4 milligrams. Keep in mind that since you may have to increase the dose, it may take three or four weeks to see an improvement in your childs ADHD symptoms once he starts to take Intuniv.In 2013, the FDA allowed more weight-based, flexible pediatric dosing, with maximum doses up to 7 milligrams for older teens. Weight-based target doses rang e from 0.05 to 0.12 milligram/kilogram/day. It is often a benefit of Intuniv, unlike other ADHD medications, especially stimulants like Adderall, Concerta, or Vyvanse, that it does not cause much appetite suppression. That  can make it a good choice for children who have problems gaining weight when taking a stimulant. Intuniv Warnings and Side Effects Side effects of Intuniv most commonly include somnolence (which can occur in up to 38 percent  of patients), headaches, fatigue, upper abdominal pain, nausea, lethargy, dizziness, irritability, decreased blood pressure, and decreased appetite.?? Although somnolence occurs in a large number of children when they start taking Intuniv, it seems to get better as they continue to take it. For some children, this is a benefit, as it helps them fall asleep if they are given their dose at bedtime (Intuniv can either be given in the morning or the evening).?? Warnings about Intuniv include: Intuniv should be used cautiously if your child is at risk for low blood pressure, bradycardia (low heart rate), heart block, or syncope (fainting), and those also taking ketoconazole, rifampin, valproic acid, antihypertensive drugs, or CNS depressants (sedatives, antipsychotics, etc.).Intuniv should not be taken with a high-fat meal.?? It can be taken with water, milk, or other liquids.Intuniv should be discontinued slowly, by decreasing or tapering the dose over several weeks, and should not be stopped suddenly. The Pediatric Focused Safety Review by the FDA in 2018 recommended routine monitoring of Intuniv.?? Should Your Child With ADHD Try Intuniv? Intuniv may be an especially good option if your childs current medication simply isnt working well, he hasnt been able to tolerate other stimulants because of side effects, or if you have been wary of putting your child on a stimulant. As with Tenex, we may also see Intuniv used to treat children with ADHD and tics, sleep problems, or aggression, either by itself or with a stimulant.??

Sample Resume Ccf Network Administration - 1119 Words

11/18/2015 POLICY NUMBER 2015-11 To All hospital staff From Dr. Manny Dominguez CIO CC Ileana Escalona Network Administrator Attachments. Copy to: Dr. Manny Dominguez CIO Ileana Escalona Network Administrator POLICY: CCF NETWORK ADMINISTRATION PURPOSE: To provide guidance regarding access, use, and maintenance of CCF Network system, including patient’s Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and Protected Health Information (PHI), in accordance†¦show more content†¦b) Users must not allow others to access the Internet by using their accounts. 2. Password Policy: Password is the front line of protection for user accounts a) Access to CCF systems is tailored to individual staff needs and responsibilities are assigned via a unique password. b) The owner of an access password/ID is accountable for its use. c) The password/ID owner is responsible to protect the integrity of accessible systems and preserve the confidentiality of accessible information. 3. Network Access Policy a) Internet access is granted to all users, however, CCF will filter content it feels is inappropriate for business purposes. b) CCF also reserves the right to monitoring, recording, review, and audit systems on a periodic basis to ensure compliance with this and all other policies. c) If employment is involuntary terminated, CCF will terminate your access to our IT resources immediately to protect confidential and proprietary information. 4. HIPAA Security Policy: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, and the federal â€Å"Breach Notification Rule† as amended or added by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (â€Å"HITECH†)

Television Advertising For Prescription And...

Pharmaceutical companies have been using a lot of various strategies to market their medications, notably in a contentious and lucrative market for prescriptions and non-prescription medications. Kornfield, Donohue, Berndt, and Alexander (2013, p. 1) argued that the United States profoundly advertised pharmaceuticals and spent at least $30 billion dollars on publicity and selling of these products. In this written assignment I will be presenting a summary of an interesting article from Faerber and Kreling (2013) titled: Content Analysis of False and Misleading Claims in Television Advertising for Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs. On the words of the Chartered Institute of Marketing (2013), marketing is defined as an administration method, accountable for recognizing, predicting and capturing customer demands profitably. Faerber and Kreling (2013, p. 111) conducted a content analysis examining how substantial is a consumer targeted advertising using the television as an instrument to relay these drug information to the public and how accurate are the claim of drug effectiveness from the truth. The investigators gathered commercial segments containing the advertisements of prescription and non-prescription drugs from 2008 through 2010. The multimedia data was randomly selected from the Vanderbilt Television News Archive. Three coders were trained to classify the advertisement claims, and rate the accuracy of the data from the evidence. Again, Faerber and KrelingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Rogaine Case1376 Words   |  6 Pagesmarketing plan to differentiate Rogaine from comparable products. External Analysis Customer Analysis. Pharmacia Upjohn target men and women between the ages of 25 to 49 for their Rogaine product. Since Rogaine’s introduction as a prescription drug the product has grossed over $700 million in sales. At the time of the case research estimated that there were about 20 million women and 40 million men in the United States with thinning hair or baldness. Out of this group 38.6 percent of womenRead MorePepcid Case Study3120 Words   |  13 Pagesamong the most successful prescription drugs ever marketed. Pepcid is ranked in the top 15 largest-selling prescription products with 18 million U.S. prescriptions written since its prescription debut in 1986. However, those numbers pale in comparison to Tagamet and Zantac, which are practically household names. Since Tagamet went on the market in 1977, 236 million U.S. prescriptions have been written, and since Zantac became available in 1983, 188 million U.S. prescriptions have been written. TheRead MoreSelf Medication Practices in a Rural Filipino Community21296 Words   |  86 PagesFactors Affecting The Prevalence Of Self Medication Using Commercial Drugs In A Rural Filipino Family For The Course Research II With Statistics Presented by: Elaiza Joy M. Claravall Hazel Faith W. Cortel Abegail Jane W. Pasion Jave Mar C. Leonardo Minette B. Dangue MSN students Date Presented: May 20 2013 Date Revised: May 21, 2013 Factors Affecting The Prevalence Of Self Medication Using Commercial Drugs In A Rural Filipino Family Abstract Objectives: the purpose of theRead MorePharmaceutical Price Controls in the Oecd Countries47662 Words   |  191 Pagesii U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration Contents Executive Summary vii 1 Introduction 1 2 Drug Price Regulations in Selected OECD Countries—An Overview of the Issues 3 3 Price And Revenue Effects 10 4 Impact of Deregulating Prices on Research and Development, Innovation, and Consumers 25 Appendix A: Technical Methodology 35 Appendix B: Drug Pricing Study—Federal Register Notice Responses 49 Appendix C: Report on Pharmaceutical Markets in 11 OECD Countries 57 PharmaceuticalRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesEmployee Rights Legislation and the HRM Implications 86 The Privacy Act of 1974 86 The Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1974 87 The Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 87 The Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 88 The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act of 1988 88 Current Issues Regarding Employee Rights 90 Drug Testing 90 DID YOU KNOW?: Why Organizations Conduct Drug Tests 91 Honesty Tests 92 Whistle-Blowing 92 Employee Monitoring and Workplace Security 93 DID YOU KNOW?: By the Numbers 93 Workplace

Managing First-Line Patient Care Free Essays

It is very important to keep the patients clean. Ill people would rather worry about coping to their illness than to bathe, brush teeth, and stay clean. That is why nurses should observe the patients whether they can clean themselves and assist them if necessary, especially in bathing. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing First-Line Patient Care or any similar topic only for you Order Now Hydrotherapy plays a vital role in managing acute and chronic diseases. Proper giving of bath gives a tonic, eliminative, and antipyretic action. The essence of giving bath is not just to keep the patients clean, but also to reduce temperature, to stimulate their body, and to make them relax. (Crawford, 1910) To stimulate patients, cold bath is advisable. When the patient needs to be relaxed, because of nervousness or anxiety, a warm bath should be provided. If the patient’s temperature is increasing and needs to be reduced, either warm bath or cold bath should be applied depending on the case. (Crawford, 1910) Warm bath will definitely help in reducing the stench of sweat and will provide freshness. If the patient is at the height of fever, bath is not advisable, especially the cold bath. Moreover, regular bath or cold sponging is not suitable for patients who are sick, bed ridden and elderly but a warm sponge bath can be applied instead.   (Kakkilaya, 2003) Hygiene is very personal, and individual’s practices of keeping themselves clean may vary according to one’s culture or religion. It is very important to make the patients meet their personal needs rather than to carry out standard routines. And also, the patient’s beliefs and privacy should also be respected. Patients may be bathed daily in the hospital but if the patient has a dry skin, bathing should be limited to once or twice a week to avoid further drying out of his skin.   (World Health Organization, 2005) For patients who can walk may be assisted by the nurse or family members to the shower or tub. Prepare a chair in the bathroom for the patient to sit on. Help the patient to wash and dry off, and in putting on clothes. In doing a bed bath, make sure all the doors and windows are closed, to protect the patient’s privacy. Prepare the basin of warm water, soap, clothes, bath blankets, and towels. Cleanse the face, ears, and neck. Next is the right arm, hand and axilla; repeat with left arm. Then cleanse the chest area.   Lastly, cleanse the legs and feet of the patient. Change the bath water once or twice. After bathing, change the bed linen. (World Health Organization, 2005) Next, I will discuss another bath procedure for patients called the Hot Sitz Bath, also known as the Hip Bath. This is done to relieve muscle contraction, to alleviate exudates, to speed up suppuration process and healing, and to lessen congestion and provide relief in the perineal area.   This is applicable for patients with hemorrhoids. (pobisnar, 2006) Do not use warm water if the patient already shows a sign of congestion. Monitor the patient is getting weak or fainting during the bath.When the patient has been positioned in the tub or chair; check if the thighs and legs are being pressured. Support the back of the patient all through out the bath. (pobisnar, 2006) Use the appropriate tub for the size of the patient, to make him comfortable while taking a bath. Prepare towels and bathmat, bath blanket, inflatable ring, and clean clothes. Prepare the linen in the bathroom. Only one-third of the tub should be filled with water. Check the temperature of water with bare hands, temperature of water should be between 105 °F and 110 °F (40.5 °C to 43.3 °C). Check all the necessary towels and inflatable rings, making sure these are just within reach to save time and effort. Make certain the patient is informed what the whole procedure is about and how it will be done. Then instruct the patient to undress, especially the hip is exposed. Before he goes into the tub, use a thermometer first and check the temperature of the water. A temperature of 43-46 ° C will create relaxation while a temperature of 34-37 ° C will help promote healing of wound. (pobisnar, 2006) Support the patient and position him appropriately. Make sure he is comfortable in his position. Put the bath sheet around the patient’s shoulders and wrap the ends over the tub to keep him away from chilling. In case the patient’s condition warrants, particularly when he is already vomiting, his skin is paling, and the pulse rate becomes faster, stop the bath. Warm water can be added to maintain the desired temperature but make sure the water is agitated by stirring it as hot water and added to prevent burns. Never leave the patient alone to ensure security of the patient. After fifteen to thirty minutes of bathing, assist the patient out of the tub, help him dry himself and cover him satisfactorily. Let him lie down to rest until normal circulation returns.   (pobisnar, 2006) The concept of giving bath is very necessary for nursing students, one of the basic concepts they should learn first for their careers. Though anyone, even not under the medicine field may also learn the proper procedure of giving bath to patients. Now, how these procedures can be effectively taught? People have different learning traits. We have different ways to absorb knowledge based on our personality and personal experiences. Basically, there are four types of adult learners: The commonsense learner, the dynamic learner, the innovative learner, and the analytical learner. The common sense learner must first practice and integrate the concepts into experience. The dynamic learner likes teaching himself and shares his knowledge with others. The innovative learner asks for reasons for learning and finds personal meaning in the instructions. Lastly, the analytical learner should be provided with information then integrates them, reflecting on concepts with application analysis. (Evans, 2007) First, present the concept using visual aids such as power point presentation, etc. Explain what is being taught and why the concept should be taught. Explain its application (the correct methods and rationale behind the procedures) and the opportunity to practice whether they can do it or not, especially for the students under innovative and analytical type. Then, prepare an activity related to the subject matter to make them experience the concept. For example, you can use a dummy to show the actual procedures or prepare a video clip of a professional practicing the concepts for proper presentation. Then give them a chance to practice it for themselves. Train them, until they all get the proper procedure. Interact with the participants, and focus on students who belong to the innovative learner type. Then solicit feedback and conduct a group evaluation to know how far they have learned from you. Teaching means communicating skills and knowledg, verbally giving instructions and offering presentations. Your students knowledge will depend on your ability to teach. (Evans, 2007) Works Cited Crawford, M. L. (1910). Why, When, and How to Bathe a Fever Patient. The American Journal of Nursing , 314-317. Evans, P. (2007, March 13). The adult learner: Training your labor force. Retrieved October 04, 2007, from http://www.thefabricator.com/ShopManagement/ShopManagement_Article.cfm?ID=1577 Kakkilaya, D. B. (2003). Is Bathing Contraindicated in Fever? Retrieved October 04, 2007, from Rational Medicine Org: http://www.rationalmedicine.org/bath.htm pobisnar. (2006). Nursing Procedure: Hot Sitz Bath (Hip Bath). Retrieved October 04, 2007, from Nurse’s Diary: http://nursediary.pid.com.ph/p16.htm World Health Organization. (2005). Daily Care of the Patient. Retrieved October 04, 2007, from WHO site: http://www.wpro.who.int/internet/files/pub/85/33-49.pdf How to cite Managing First-Line Patient Care, Essay examples

Agriculture and Rural Businesses in Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Agriculture and Rural Businesses in Australia. Answer: Introduction I chose agriculture and rural business of Australia as my research subject because I believe these serve as the backbone of the countrys economy. This research was aimed to identify significant issues that the industry is facing in order to figure out effective strategies to find more success. Learning Experience Though I focused on the just agricultural industry but it is present all over the country so the issues I identifies are applicable for all the businesses from all the locations. My research also aims to explore the possible solutions for those identified issues. The literature review I did was based on multiple key issues like assessments, regulatory business, and printed material, technology in accounting, finance and income. While I was exploring the available literature I found out that the IRS punishments are causing organizations shut down. Most of the agricultural organizations lack any assessment programs so the organizations fail to determine their necessities. The agricultural business of Australia I feel can spare some expanses a lot if the complete proprietorships enlist their organizations. While I was investigating the issues affecting the agricultural business in Australia, I found that the digital technologies are not being used by the business and this is supported b y most literature I found. I tried to explore other texts where some other successful examples of record keeping process are used. The case study of Canada can serve as a good model for our agricultural industry. The organizations also have to check their clients credit record before making any transaction. The strategy of book keeping can prove to be effective for the business in the longer run. I understood that regular monitoring could be great strategy for the organizations to could save them good amount of cash and time. Australian governments high licensing price is also problematic for the rural business farms. Evaluation My research also highlighted that the lack of accounting professional in the business also creates big challenge for the business. Contrary to my prior conception, the accounting in the Australian agricultural industry has multiple affective issues that require wider research. I tried to explore as much as possible within the limitations I had during the initial phase of the research proposal preparing. Objective View on the Learning Outcomes In order to give the research a proper framework I had to set few questions that would shape the research and guide me towards my desired destination. Primary research question was related to the accounting issues that the agricultural and rural industry face. Then I had to focus on the next step that is the identification of existing opportunities and how our government can help the accounting performance and the agricultural business to perform better.Before deciding on any particular research methodology I had to explore the various research methods. I discussed the descriptive, explanatory and exploratory research designs in order to decide on the most suitable one for my research. I finally decided upon the explanatory research as I felt this could be most effective to establish an effective cause-effect based relationship between the business performance of the industry and accounting practice. I chose the both qualitative and quantitative process for this research process, as I had already realized that this research needs wider amount of information to come up with right answers. Future Implication The research not only provided me with adequate knowledge but also opened up many aspects of rural agricultural industry of our country. The research highlighted how accounting in Australian rural agricultural has changed over the years and creating newer challenges for the industry professionals and government must take initiatives to support it. My research demonstrated multiple potential areas that could enhance the accounting performance in the business and it also highlighted that government should take active participation in the advancement of the agricultural industry. Conclusion Though it is a long journey, but I tried my best to complete the process as early as possible without compromising any of the parts. I have started the research in July and completed the whole research by August. Because I had to finish the research within the university set time schedule I could not update my mentor on time regarding my research progression. However later he provided me with some valuable suggestions that I tried to incorporate in my project. I did face challenges initially regarding the general approach of research because of my limited knowledge which I overcame in the later phase of the research. However the major limitation I felt was my failure to understand certain relevant issues and their severity from the farmers perspectives. References Barron, O., Ali, R., Hodgson, G., Smith, D., Qureshi, E., McFarlane, D., Campos, E. and Zarzo, D., 2015. Feasibility assessment of desalination application in Australian traditional agriculture.Desalination,364, pp.33-45. Dowd, A.M., Marshall, N., Fleming, A., Jakku, E., Gaillard, E. and Howden, M., 2014. The role of networks in transforming Australian agriculture.Nature Climate Change,4(7), p.558.Management Fraley, R.C. and Hudson, N.W., 2014. Review of intensive longitudinal methods: An introduction to diary and experience sampling research. Hunt, W., Birch, C., Vanclay, F. and Coutts, J., 2014. Recommendations arising from an analysis of changes to the Australian agricultural research, development and extension system.Food Policy,44, pp.129-141. Tonts, M., Plummer, P. and Argent, N., 2014. Path dependence, resilience and the evolution of new rural economies: Perspectives from rural Western Australia.Journal of Rural Studies,36, pp.362-375. Zainal, Z., 2017. Case study as a research method.Jurnal Kemanusiaan,Management 5(1).

The Contribution of Martin Luther King to US Affairs free essay sample

Introduction: 1. Before 1945, the Negro community was regarded as socially inferior within the United States. 2. While slavery had been abolished in 1863 under President Lincoln, segregation was commonplace, especially in the southern sates. 3. The Jim Crow laws were in place to maintain this segregation and in 1896, the Supreme Court ruled these laws constitutional. 4. However, the growing discontentment among the Negro community, helped by the new wave of liberalism spreading throughout the US in the late 1940s, meant that pressure for change was building. 5. In the late 1950s and 1960s the movement began gathering legs through the successful cases of black Americans such as Oliver Brown and James Meredith, both backed by the NAACP. 6. However, these individual victories needed to be consolidated into one movement, the Negro community needed to become united for any significant change to occur; one man who realised this was Martin Luther King. 7. By sticking to his christian ideals and his skills as an orator, King would become one of the most iconic figures in not only the African-American community, but in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Contribution of Martin Luther King to US Affairs or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2) Background of King: 1. The upbringing of Martin Luther King had a profound effect on the nature of his approach to the oppression experienced by the Negro community. 2. Throughout his life, King was lauded for his condemnation of violence, a stance most likely forged during his time in the baptist ministry and though his studying of theology in Boston. 3. From an early age King was involved in the pursuit for racial equality and served on the executive committee of the Montgomery branch of the NAACP. 4. In 1954 King became pastor of the baptist church in Montgomery and in 1955 he was awarded his PhD in theology. 5. Martin Luther King was now a very well educated and respected member of society in Montgomery, giving him a platform to begin publicly discussing his ideals. 6. The well spoken and unblemished character of Martin Luther King would go on to become the unelected leader of the civil rights movement, beginning with his involvement in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. 3) The Montgomery Bus Boycott 1. King’s involvement in the Montgomery Bus Boycott was his first contribution to the civil rights movement and to US affairs. 2. In conjunction with the NAACP taking Rosa Parks’ case to the Supreme Court, a city-wide boycott of the bus services was planned, with King asked to lead. 3. The 26-year-old Martin Luther King was elected as head of Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) with the task of overseeing and maintaining the boycott. 4. King had to travel to many different states in order to fundraise the money to fund the temporary taxi alternatives being organised by the Transportation Committee. 5. King had to maintain his peaceful resistance for over a year, before the Supreme Court ruled the segregated seating on buses unconstitutional on the 20th of December 1956. 6. The MIA subsequently called off the boycott and King, along with other civil rights leaders, sat in the front seats of a bus on the 21st of December 1956. 7. King’s well-organised and peaceful boycott was one of the main contributing factors to the success of the Rosa Parks Trial and he gained national publicity, with Times Magazine christening him â€Å"the American Ghandi†. 4) Rise in Popularity and Involvement: 1. The Montgomery Bus Boycott launched King’s career and he soon had the necessary authority and power to drastically impact on US affairs. 2. King became head of the non-violent civil rights organisation the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957. 3. As leader SCLC, King organised and led marches in an attempt to achieve equal voting rights, labour rights and desegregation for the Negro community. 4. On the SCLC’s Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom in 1957, King addressed a national audience for the first time. 5. King had a set a clear precedent through the success of his peaceful protests and the Negro community obliged. 6. The non-violent Lunch Counter Protest in 1960 saw groups black students defying the whites only lunch counters in 54 cities across the Old South. 7. Similarly in 1961, the Freedom Riders tested the supposedly desegregated interstate buses, without the use of violence. 8. King had shown to the minorities of America that violence was not necessary to achieve change, a message adhered to by the Chicanos and Native Americans in the years to come. 5) Marches: 1. The campaigns and marches organised by Martin Luther King greatly impacted on US affairs. 2. In April 1963, the SCLC began a campaign against racial segregation and economic injustice in Birmingham, Alabama. 3. King organised intentionally contentious sit-ins and marches in occupied public spaces across Birmingham City. 4. King and the SCLC were also the driving forces behind the intense demonstrations in St. Augustine, Florida, in 1964. 5. The movement marched nightly through the city and suffering violent attacks from white supremacists, with hundreds of the marchers arrested and jailed. 6. Later that year in December 1964, King and the SCLC joined forces with the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in Selma, Alabama. 7. The march from Selma to Montgomery was in protest of the voting inequality in Alabama and 25,000 civil rights activists partook. 8. King used the contrast between white backlash and the peaceful protestors to get national and world media coverage, publicity that would ultimately force the US Government’s hand. 6) Speech – Washington: 1. Martin Luther King’s oratorical talents and speeches influenced public opinion and affairs in the United States. 2. On the 2nd of January 1965, a Martin Luther King speech defeated a local judge’s injunction banning the gathering of any people affiliated with the SCLC at Brown Chapel. 3. One of the single greatest factors in achieving minority equality in across America was Martin Luther King’s speech in Washington in 1963. 4. On the 28th of August, King delivered his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech to a rally of 250,000 peaceful protestors, which was also internationally televised. 5. The march, and especially Kings speech, helped put civil rights at the top of the liberal political agenda in the United States and facilitated passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 6. On February 6, 1964, King delivered another inaugural speech at the New School in New York called The American Race Crisis. 7. The now infamous speeches of Martin Luther King strengthened the cause internally and externally; maintaining the belief of the Negro community while achieving international sympathy and support for the cause. 7) Conclusion: 1. Today, Martin Luther King is regarded as one of the single greatest contributors to civil rights of all time and has his own federal holiday in the US. 2. Even before his death in 1968, King’s contribution was recognised with his awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 and American Liberties Medallion. 3. King has also been poshumerously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2004. 4. Martin Luther King’s speech in Washington was a major factor in the passing of the Civil Rights Act in 1964 under President Johnson. 5. The march from Selma to Montgomery also influenced public and political support of the Voting Rights Act, which was passed in 1965. 6. Martin Luther King had arguably impacted on US society and affairs more than any individual had in the history of the state.

Battle of Sullivans Island in the American Revolution

Battle of Sullivan's Island in the American Revolution The Battle of Sullivans Island took place June 28, 1776 near Charleston, SC, and was one of the early campaigns of the American Revolution (1775-1783). Following the beginning of hostilities at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, public sentiment in Charleston began to turn against the British. Though a new royal governor, Lord William Campbell, arrived in June, he was forced to flee that fall after Charlestons Council of Safety commenced raising troops for the American cause and seized Fort Johnson. Additionally, Loyalists in the city increasingly found themselves under attack and their homes raided.      The British Plan To the north, the British, who were engaged in the Siege of Boston in late 1775, began seeking other opportunities to strike a blow against the rebelling colonies. Believing the interior of the American South to be friendlier territory with a large number of Loyalists who would fight for the crown, plans moved forward for Major General Henry Clinton to embark forces and sail for Cape Fear, NC. Arriving, he was to meet a force of predominantly Scottish Loyalists raised in North Carolina as well as troops coming from Ireland under Commodore Peter Parker and Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis. Sailing south from Boston with two companies on January 20, 1776, Clinton called at New York City where he had difficulty obtaining provisions. In a failure of operational security, Clintons forces made no effort to hide their ultimate destination. To the east, Parker and Cornwallis endeavored to embark around 2,000 men on 30 transports. Departing Cork on February 13, the convoy encountered severe storms five days into the voyage. Scattered and damaged, Parkers ships continued their crossing individually and in small groups.   Reaching Cape Fear on March 12, Clinton found that Parkers squadron had been delayed and that the Loyalist forces had been defeated at Moores Creek Bridge on February 27. In the fighting, Brigadier General Donald MacDonalds Loyalists had been beaten by American forces led by Colonel James Moore. Loitering in the area, Clinton met the first of Parkers ships on April 18. The remainder straggled in later that month and in early May after enduring a rough crossing. Armies Commanders Americans Major General Charles LeeColonel William Moultrie435 men at Fort Sullivan, 6,000 around Charleston British Major General Henry ClintonCommodore Peter Parker2,200 infantry Next Steps Determining that Cape Fear would be a poor base of operations, Parker and Clinton commenced assessing their options and scouting the coast. After learning that the defenses at Charleston were incomplete and being lobbied by Campbell, the two officers elected to plan an attack with the goal of capturing the city and establishing a major base in South Carolina. Raising anchor, the combined squadron departed Cape Fear on May 30. Preparations at Charleston With the beginning of the conflict, the president of the South Carolina General Assembly, John Rutledge, called for the creation of five regiments of infantry and one of artillery. Numbering around 2,000 men, this force was augmented by the arrival of 1,900 Continental troops and 2,700 militia. Assessing the water approaches to Charleston, it was decided to construct a fort on Sullivans Island. A strategic location, ships entering the harbor were required to pass by the southern part of the island to avoid shoals and sandbars. Vessels that succeeded in breaching the defenses at Sullivans Island would then encounter Fort Johnson. The task of building Fort Sullivan was given to Colonel William Moultrie and the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. Commencing work in March 1776, they constructed 16-ft. thick, sand-filled walls which were faced with palmetto logs. Work moved slowly and by June only the seaward walls, mounting 31 guns, were complete with the remainder of the fort protected by a timber palisade. To aid in the defense, the Continental Congress dispatched Major General Charles Lee to take command. Arriving, Lee was dissatisfied with the state of the fort and recommended that it be abandoned. Interceding, Rutledge directed Moultrie to obey [Lee] in everything, except in leaving Fort Sullivan. The British Plan Parkers fleet reached Charleston on June 1 and over the next week began crossing the bar and anchoring around Five Fathom Hole. Scouting the area, Clinton decided to land on nearby Long Island. Located just north of Sullivans Island, he thought his men would be able wade across Breach Inlet to assault the fort. Assessing the incomplete Fort Sullivan, Parker believed that his force, consisting of the two 50-gun ships HMS Bristol and HMS Experiment, six frigates, and the bomb vessel HMS Thunderer, would easily be able to reduce its walls. The Battle of Sullivans Island Responding to the British maneuvers, Lee began reinforcing positions around Charleston and directed troops to entrench along the northern shore of Sullivans Island. On June 17, part of Clintons force attempted to wade across Breach Inlet and found it too deep to proceed. Thwarted, he began planning to make the crossing using longboats in concert with Parkers naval attack. After several days of poor weather, Parker moved forward on the morning on June 28. In position by 10:00 AM, he ordered the bomb vessel Thunderer to fire from extreme range while he closed on the fort with Bristol (50 guns), Experiment (50), Active (28), and Solebay (28). Coming under British fire, forts soft palmetto log walls absorbed the incoming cannon balls rather than splintering. Short on gunpowder, Moultrie directed his men in a deliberate, well-aimed fire against the British ships. As the battle progressed, Thunderer was forced to break off as its mortars had become dismounted. With the bombardment underway, Clinton began moving across Breach Inlet. Nearing the shore, his men came under heavy fire from American troops led by Colonel William Thomson. Unable to safely land, Clinton ordered a retreat to Long Island. Around noon, Parker directed the frigates Syren (28), Sphinx (20), and Actaeon (28) to circle to the south and assume a position from which they could flank Fort Sullivans batteries. Shortly after beginning this movement, all three grounded on an uncharted sandbar with the latter twos rigging becoming entangled. While Syren and Sphinx were able to be refloated, Actaeon remained stuck. Rejoining Parkers force, the two frigates added their weight to the attack. In the course of the bombardment, the forts flagstaff was severed causing the flag to fall. Jumping over the forts ramparts, Sergeant William Jasper retrieved the flag and jury-rigged a new flagpole from a sponge staff. In the fort, Moultrie instructed his gunners to focus their fire on Bristol and Experiment. Pummeling the British ships, they caused great damage to their rigging and lightly wounded Parker. As the afternoon passed, the forts fire slackened as ammunition ran low. This crisis was averted when Lee dispatched more from the mainland. Firing continued until 9:00 PM with Parkers ships unable to reduce the fort. With darkness falling, the British withdrew. Aftermath In the Battle of Sullivans Island, British forces sustained 220 killed and wounded. Unable to free Actaeon, British forces returned the next day and burned the stricken frigate. Moultries losses in the fighting were 12 killed and 25 wounded. Regrouping, Clinton and Parker remained in the area until late July before sailing north to aid in General Sir William Howes campaign against New York City. The victory at Sullivans Island saved Charleston and, along with the Declaration of Independence a few days later, provided a much needed boost to American morale. For the next few years, the war remained focused in the north until British forces returned to Charleston in 1780. In the resulting Siege of Charleston, British forces captured the city and held it until the end of the war.